The many forms of racism:

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• Racism Related Events

  • Time-limited life experiences (i.e. police harassment, housing discrimination)

• Vicarious Racism

  • Observing and reporting of racist experiences of others (i.e. the work you do, or listening to a friend experiencing racism)

• Everyday Racism

  • Micro-aggressions or the day-to-day “minor” racist behaviour (being followed in a store, not being served)

• Systemic (or Institutional) Racism

  • Includes the policies and practices entrenched in established institutions

• Chronic-Contextual Stress

  • The result of institutional and systemic racism (i.e. having your professional qualifications routinely questioned)

• Collective Experiences

  • Perceptions of racism towards one’s group (i.e. negative media portrayals)

• Inter-generational effects of oppression

  • As transmitted from one generation to the next (i.e. Residential Schools, slavery, or colonialism)

 

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Dr. Ibram X. Kendi:

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• Racism:

  • “Racism is a powerful collection of racist policies that lead to racial inequity and are substantiated by racist ideas.”

  • “The source of racist ideas was not ignorance and hate, but self-interest.”

  • “The history of racist ideas is the history of powerful policymakers erecting racist policies out of self-interest, then producing racist ideas to defend and rationalize the inequitable effects of their policies, while everyday people consume those racist ideas, which in turn sparks ignorance and hate.”

• Racist Power:

  • “Racist power produces racist policies out of self-interest and then produces racist ideas to justify those policies.”

  • Racist Power (Racist Policymakers) = hoarding wealth and resources

• Racial Inequity:

  • “…when two or more racial groups are not standing on approximately equal footing.”

• Racial Equity:

  • “…when two or more racial groups are standing on a relatively equal footing.”

• Racist Policy:

  • “…any measure that produces sustains racial inequity between racial groups.”

• Antiracist Policy:

  • “…any measure that produces or sustains racial equity between racial groups.” (i.e. written and unwritten rules and laws)

• Racist Idea:

  • “…any idea that suggests one racial group is inferior or superior to another racial group in any way. Racist ideas argue that the inferiorities and superiorities of racial groups explain racial inequities in society.”

• Antiracist Idea:

  • “…any idea that suggests the racial groups are equals in all their apparent differences – that there is nothing right or wrong with any racial group.”